EVALUATING THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF HONEY AND LEMON JUICE AGAINST BACTERIA ISOLATES FROM RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
The antibacterial effect of honey and lemon were investigated. Their use separately and in combination were compared with that of standard antibiotics against Klebsiellapneumoniae, Staphylococcusaureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilusinfluenzae and Streptococcus pyogenesisolates from sputum, ear swab, nasal secretion and throat swab samples of patients from Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, and Ahmadu Bello University Health Services (ABUHS) Zaria, Nigeria. Agar diffusion and broth dilution methods were employed to assess degree of susceptibility of the isolates to honey and/or lemon, and the standard antibiotic formulations. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations were evaluated. Rate of Kill was carried out to know the death/survival rate of the bacterial isolates after exposure to the agents. Test for synergy was also carried out to know if there is synergistic effect between the honey and the lemon juice. The zones of inhibition (mm) of 13-32 (Ceftriaxone), 07-29 (Gentamicin), 07-35 (Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid), 14-33 (Levofloxacin), 07-30 (Azithromycin), 10-34 (Honey), 12-29 (Lemon), and 18-29 (Honey/Lemon mixture) were obtained. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations range between 1.95-125 µg/ml (Ceftriaxone), 1.56-100 µg/ml (Gentamicin), 3.91-125 µg/ml (AmoxicillinClavulanic acid), 0.98-62.5 µg/ml (Levofloxacin), 0.78-100 µg/ml (Azithromycin), 20-75 µg/ml (Honey), 15.0 - 47.5 µg/ml (Lemon), and 15-50 µg/ml (Honey/Lemon mixture). Excellent antibacterial activity was observed with lemon, honey and lemon mixture, Levofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin, while honey, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid and Azithromycinshowed less antibacterial activity. Better killing of the bacteria isolates on exposure to honey and lemon was observed with Lemon and Honey/Lemon mixture than the Honey alone. There is additive effect, but no antagonistic effectin the mixture of honey and lemon juice. Generally, their activity is within the additive level (>0.5 to ≤1) of Fractional 3 Inhibitory Concentration index. This study justifies the use of Honey and Lemon separately and in mixture as an alternative medicine by the populace in the treatment of respiratory tract infections.
Related Project Materials
EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIUM ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN AQUATIC ANIMALS OF BIOLOGY CONTENT. (CASE STUDY OF SELECTED SCHOOLS IN ZAMFARA STATE)
ABSTRACT
The study was carried out to examine the effects of electronic instructional medium on seconda...
THE ROLE OF EFFICIENT MATERIALS HANDLING IN A MANUFACTURING FIRM
Abstract
The effective movement of materials is being seen as business in its own right materials heading is a feature o...
TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND ITS ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ABSTRACT
It is clear and obvious that many cities around the world today face serious problems for the proper functionin...
SOURCES OF FINANCING BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN NIGERIA IN SMEDAN (SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF NIGERIA) LAGOS ZONAL OFFICE
ABSTRACT
This study examines SME financing in Lagos, Nigeria, with a specific focus on the perspectives...
MARKETING OF MOTOR INSURANCE POLICIES IN NIGERIA; PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
ABSTRACT
This research work focused on the Marketing of Motor Insurance in Nigeria; the problems facing...
DEVELOPMENT OF A FILLER-BINDER DISINTEGRANT FOR DIRECT COMPRESSION TABLETING BY CO-PROCESSING MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE AND CROSPOVIDONE
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to improve the disintegration functionality of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as a direct compression...
THE EFFECT OF ONLINE ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR USING STUDENTS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BIDA
Statement of the Problem
With the growing age of the internet a...
A DETAILED DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED AUDITING SYSTEM FOR A FINANCIAL INSITITUTION
ABSTRACT
The documentation management system in most audit firms no doubt, has a difficult task in today’s competi...
EFFECTS OF CONCEPT MAPPING AND COOPERATIVE TEACHING METHODS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL HOME ECONOMICS STUDENTS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Concept Mapping and Cooperative Learning Teaching Methods on the Academic...
EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS LEARNING: A CASE OF STUDY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN IKENNE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE
ABSTRACT
Drug abuse, equally known as substance abuse, is the use of a substance usually for non-medical purposes which...
